Trump’s inauguration will take place on the stage of Mayhem on January 6

When Donald J. Trump takes the oath of office Monday in a rare indoor inauguration ceremony under the Capitol dome, the Grand Rotunda will be packed with dignitaries, lawmakers and supporters of the incoming president.

It is the same ornate hall, inspired by the Pantheon in Rome, where presidents and other dignitaries have lain in state and solemn national ceremonies.

But four years ago, the Rotunda was the backdrop for one of the darkest moments in the country’s history, when it teemed with a more raucous crowd of Trump supporters: the mob that overwhelmed the Capitol on January 6, 2021, in a violent attempt to prevent the certification of ​Joseph R. Biden Jr.’s election.

Rebels radicalized by Mr. Trump’s lie about a stolen election swarmed through the Rotunda that day and clashed with police. Some mounted the statues of prominent American figures, including Presidents Ronald Reagan and Gerald Ford. They criss-crossed the storied chamber as they roamed between the House and Senate and attempted to disrupt a joint session of Congress, strewing litter and filth in the building’s normally immaculate center, which often overwhelms visitors with awe when they catch their first glimpse of the building . soaring interior.

After the disturbance was quelled and the building cleared so the certification of the election could proceed, then-Representative Andy Kim, Democrat of New Jersey, went to the Rotunda in the early morning hours of January 7. There he was photographed sweeping. up into the trash that almost unimaginably filled the hallowed space where leading Americans are honored in death, most recently President Jimmy Carter.

“I thought to myself, ‘How did it get so bad?'” said Mr. Kim, a Rhodes Scholar and former national security official, last summer during a speech at the Democratic National Convention in Chicago. “So I did the only thing I could think of: I grabbed a garbage bag and started cleaning up. What I learned on January 6th is that we are all caretakers of our great republic. We can heal this country, but only if we try.”

Mr. Kim, previously a little-known figure, was elected a new senator from New Jersey in November.

The pictures from January four years ago will linger, while Mr. Trump takes the oath of office in the chamber, where curved walls bear huge paintings of pivotal early American moments, such as the landing of Columbus and the signing of the Declaration of Independence.

Mr. Trump has said that one of his first acts as president will be to pardon people who were prosecuted for taking part in the attack on the Capitol.